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1.
Rev. costarric. cardiol ; 24(1)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449910

ABSTRACT

El SARS-CoV-2 es un virus de la familia Coronaviridae que posee un ácido ribonucleico envuelto y monocatenario positivo. Este virus ha sido el responsable de una suma considerable de muertes a nivel mundial, y produce la enfermedad llamada covid-19, esta ocasiona compromisos multisistémicos en los pacientes, de los cuales la gran mayoría resulta con secuelas en el músculo esquelético, cardiocirculatorias, y pulmonares. La rehabilitación cardiopulmonar es un programa con múltiples componentes que pueden revertir las condiciones fisiopatológicas que sean consecuencias por el virus SARS-CoV-2. Los autores describen su experiencia con un caso clínico, con un paciente de 53 años, que ameritó internamiento por más de un mes, con diagnóstico de covid-19 -neumonía de focos múltiples con sobreinfección bacteriana-, y que durante su estadía requirió ventilación mecánica asistida, eventualmente, con traqueostomía, y que a su egreso se mantenía con dependencia de oxígeno suplementario, así como marcada disnea y sarcopenia. El paciente fue referido para rehabilitación pulmonar poscovid-19, y tras 12 semanas de rehabilitación el paciente es egresado del programa en aire ambiente, con capacidad para realizar ejercicio de moderada a alta intensidad, con saturación superior a 95 %, además de una marcada mejoría en los resultados de capacidad funcional. La rehabilitación cardiopulmonar es un programa multifacético, con diferentes componentes que logran una atención integral, capaz de recuperar al paciente para que logre su adherencia, no solo en su estado físico, sino también en su entorno psicosocial, de tal manera que se reintegra a la sociedad y se disminuyen los costos por atención y tratamientos médicos.


Summary SARS-CoV-2 is a virus of the Coronaviridae family, which has a positive single-stranded, enveloped ribonucleic acid. This virus has been responsible for a considerable number of deaths worldwide, and produces the disease called covid-19, which causes multisystemic compromise in patients, resulting in a vast majority with skeletal muscle, cardiocirculatory, and pulmonary sequelae. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is a program with multiple components that can reverse the pshysiopathological conditions that are consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The authors describe their experience with a clinical case, a 53-year-old patient, who required hospitalization for more than a month, diagnosed with covid-19 -Multiple focus of pneumonia with bacterial infection-, and who required ventilation during hospitalization. mechanically assisted, eventually with tracheostomy, and that at discharge remained dependent on supplemental oxygen, as well as marked dyspnea and sarcopenia. The patient was referred for postcovid-19 pulmonary rehabilitation, and after 12 weeks of rehabilitation the patient is discharged from the program in room air, with the ability to perform moderate to high intensity exercise, saturation greater than 95%, and with marked improvement. in VO2 max and 6MWT results. Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is a multifaceted program, with different components that achieve comprehensive care, capable of recovering the patient so that he achieves his adherence, not only in his physical state but also in his psychosocial environment, reintegrating him into society and reducing the costs for medical care and treatment.

2.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 45(1): e0978, enero-abril 2022. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202913

ABSTRACT

La aparición de la COVID-19 ha supuesto un problema de salud pública mundial, provocando una elevada presión en los sistemas sanitarios. Las secuelas de esta enfermedad han puesto de manifiesto la importancia de la rehabilitación en pacientes COVID persistente, implicando en el proceso a diferentes profesionales. El tratamiento de las secuelas respiratorias en fase ambulatoria de esta reciente enfermedad es un campo especializado y parece oportuno ofrecer una serie de recomendaciones prácticas de rehabilitación cardio-respiratoria que ayuden a todos los profesionales implicados en la tarea de tratar este tipo de secuelas una vez superada la fase hospitalaria. Esta revisión de la literatura ofrece diez aspectos clave de fisioterapia respiratoria que incluyen la valoración, los parámetros que se deben monitorizar y los signos de alerta, así como las técnicas respiratorias específicas y otros ejercicios prácticos que se deben realizar en esta población.(AU)


The appearance of COVID-19 has been a problem for public health on a global scale, putting pressure on health care systems. The after-effects of this illness have highlighted the importance of rehabilitation in long COVID patients involving different health professionals. The treatment of the respiratory after-effects of this disease in an outpatient setting is a specialized field. It is appropriate to offer a series of practical recommendations of cardio-respiratory rehabilitation that are helpful to the professionals involved in the after-effects when ending hospitalisation. This review of the literature includes ten key aspects of respiratory physiotherapy that range from assessment, parameters to monitor, signs of alarm and respiratory rehabilitation techniques and other exercises for this population.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Sciences , Coronavirus , Rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Specialty , Lung Diseases , Therapeutics
3.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 345-351, abr. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-206204

ABSTRACT

La nueva edición de 2021 de la Guía Española de la EPOC (GesEPOC 2021) propone, junto al tratamiento farmacológico ajustado por estratificación de riesgo y fenotipo, el abordaje personalizado de los rasgos tratables, definidos como una característica (clínica, fisiológica o biológica) que se puede identificar mediante pruebas diagnósticas o biomarcadores y que tiene un tratamiento específico. Existen algunos rasgos tratables que tienen un tratamiento no farmacológico y que no fueron contemplados en detalle en la guía, como puede ser la desnutrición, el sedentarismo, el enfisema o la insuficiencia respiratoria. En este capítulo de GesEPOC 2021 se presenta una actualización narrativa con recomendaciones sobre tratamiento dietético, actividad física, rehabilitación respiratoria, oxigenoterapia, ventilación no invasiva, reducción de volumen y trasplante pulmonar. Además, se incluye una pregunta PICO con recomendación sobre el uso de oxígeno suplementario durante el ejercicio en pacientes con EPOC sin hipoxemia grave. (AU)


In addition to recommendations for pharmacological treatment stratified for risk and phenotype, the new 2021 edition of the Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC 2021) proposes a personalized approach to treatable traits, defined as a characteristic (clinical, physiological, or biological) that can be identified by diagnostic tests or biomarkers, for which a specific treatment is available. Some treatable traits, such as malnutrition, sedentarism, emphysema or respiratory failure, can be treated with non-pharmacological therapies, and this was not covered in detail in the guidelines. This section of GesEPOC 2021 includes a narrative update with recommendations on dietary treatment, physical activity, respiratory rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, volume reduction, and lung transplantation. A PICO question with recommendations on the use of supplemental oxygen during exercise in COPD patients without severe hypoxemia is also included. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/classification , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/rehabilitation , Spain , Malnutrition , Sedentary Behavior , Emphysema , Respiratory Insufficiency , Pneumonectomy
4.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): t345-t351, abr. 2022. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-206205

ABSTRACT

In addition to recommendations for pharmacological treatment stratified for risk and phenotype, the new 2021 edition of the Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC 2021) proposes a personalized approach to treatable traits, defined as a characteristic (clinical, physiological, or biological) that can be identified by diagnostic tests or biomarkers, for which a specific treatment is available. Some treatable traits, such as malnutrition, sedentarism, emphysema or respiratory failure, can be treated with non-pharmacological therapies, and this was not covered in detail in the guidelines. This section of GesEPOC 2021 includes a narrative update with recommendations on dietary treatment, physical activity, respiratory rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, lung volume reduction, and lung transplantation. A PICO question with recommendations on the use of supplemental oxygen during exercise in COPD patients without severe hypoxemia is also included. (AU)


La nueva edición de 2021 de la Guía Española de la EPOC (GesEPOC 2021) propone, junto al tratamiento farmacológico ajustado por estratificación de riesgo y fenotipo, el abordaje personalizado de los rasgos tratables, definidos como una característica (clínica, fisiológica o biológica) que se puede identificar mediante pruebas diagnósticas o biomarcadores y que tiene un tratamiento específico. Existen algunos rasgos tratables que tienen un tratamiento no farmacológico y que no fueron contemplados en detalle en la guía, como puede ser la desnutrición, el sedentarismo, el enfisema o la insuficiencia respiratoria. En este capítulo de GesEPOC 2021 se presenta una actualización narrativa con recomendaciones sobre tratamiento dietético, actividad física, rehabilitación respiratoria, oxigenoterapia, ventilación no invasiva, reducción de volumen y trasplante pulmonar. Además, se incluye una pregunta PICO con recomendación sobre el uso de oxígeno suplementario durante el ejercicio en pacientes con EPOC sin hipoxemia grave. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/classification , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/rehabilitation , Spain , Malnutrition , Sedentary Behavior , Emphysema , Respiratory Insufficiency , Pneumonectomy
5.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 58(4): 345-351, 2022 Apr.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35312554

ABSTRACT

In addition to recommendations for pharmacological treatment stratified for risk and phenotype, the new 2021 edition of the Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC 2021) proposes a personalized approach to treatable traits, defined as a characteristic (clinical, physiological, or biological) that can be identified by diagnostic tests or biomarkers, for which a specific treatment is available. Some treatable traits, such as malnutrition, sedentarism, emphysema or respiratory failure, can be treated with non-pharmacological therapies, and this was not covered in detail in the guidelines. This section of GesEPOC 2021 includes a narrative update with recommendations on dietary treatment, physical activity, respiratory rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, non-invasive ventilation, volume reduction, and lung transplantation. A PICO question with recommendations on the use of supplemental oxygen during exercise in COPD patients without severe hypoxemia is also included.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Pulmonary Emphysema , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Oxygen , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Emphysema/therapy
6.
Rev. patol. respir ; 24(4): 135-142, oct. - dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-228431

ABSTRACT

Las exacerbaciones de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) son responsables del deterioro físico de los pacientes, del ingreso y reingreso hospitalario, así como de su muerte. Esta revisión evidencia los beneficios de la rehabilitación pulmonar en la reducción de episodios de exacerbaciones en la EPOC. La metodología de búsqueda abarcó un total de 2.473 artículos, de los cuales fueron usados 14 para esta revisión según el cumplimiento de criterios establecidos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron significativos en las siguientes variables vinculadas directamente con la frecuencia de los episodios de exacerbación: disnea, saturación de oxígeno, volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo, días de hospitalización, número de reingresos hospitalarios, capacidad de ejercicio, depresión y calidad de vida. La rehabilitación pulmonar mostró efectos positivos en las variables mencionadas, disminuyendo los episodios de exacerbaciones de la EPOC como las limitaciones en las actividades de los pacientes (AU)


Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are responsible for the physical deterioration of patients, hospital admission and readmission, as well as their death. This review demonstrates the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in reducing exacerbation episodes in COPD. A search was carried obtained a total of 2473 articles, of which 14 were used for this review according to the fulfillment of established criteria. The results obtained were significant in relation to the variables directly related to the frequency of exacerbation episodes: dyspnea, oxygen saturation, forced expiratory volume in the first second, days of hospitalization, number of hospital readmissions, exercise capacity, depression and quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation causes positive effects on the aforementioned variables, reducing episodes of COPD exacerbations as well as limitations in patients’ activities (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/rehabilitation , Breathing Exercises , Recurrence
7.
Rev. MED ; 28(2): 71-84, jul.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406908

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 es una nueva enfermedad caracterizada por generar daño pulmonar y compromiso de múltiples tejidos y órganos de todo el cuerpo. Algunos de los pacientes que presentan la infección ameritan manejo intrahospitalario con soporte de O2 y medidas adicionales que pueden incluir inmovilización prolongada en UCI. Los pacientes que presentan cuadros moderados o severos y sobreviven a la enfermedad pueden presentar deterioro y disfunciones a largo plazo, incluyendo fibrosis pulmonar, miocardiopatía, lesión renal, hepática, de nervio periférico y todas las complicaciones derivadas de hospitalizaciones en UCI. Se considera que la intervención en rehabilitación pulmonar reviste gran importancia, especialmente en la etapa de recuperación, y debe realizarse, principalmente, con los objetivos de mejorar la disnea, la debilidad muscular severa y la fatiga, a fin de promover la independencia funcional y aumentar la calidad de vida, de manera que se disminuye así la ansiedad y la depresión.


Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-COV-2 virus is a new disease characterized by generating lung damage and compromising multiple tissues and organs throughout the body. Some of the patients with the infection should need intrahospital management with O2 support and additional measures that may include prolonged ICU immobilization. Patients who have moderate or severe conditions and survive the disease, could experience long-term impairment and dysfunction, including pulmonary fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, renal, hepatic and peripheral nerve injury, and all complications arising from hospitalizations in the ICU. It is considered that intervention in pulmonary rehabilitation is particularly important, especially at the recovery stage, and should be performed mainly with the objectives of improving: dyspnea, severe muscle weakness and fatigue, in order to promote functional independence and increase quality of life, so that anxiety and depression are diminished.


Resumo: A doença por coronavírus (COVID-19), causada pelo vírus SARS-COV-2, é uma nova doença caracterizada por gerar dano pulmonar e comprometimento de múltiplos tecidos e órgãos de todo o corpo. Alguns dos pacientes que apresentam a infecção merecem atendimento intra-hospitalar com suporte de O2 e medidas extraordinárias que podem incluir imobilização prolongada na UTI. Os pacientes que apresentam quadros moderados ou graves e sobrevivem à doença podem apresentar deterioração e disfunções em longo prazo, incluindo fibrose pulmonar, miocardiopatia, lesão renal, hepática, de nervo periférico e todas as complicações derivadas de internações em UTI. Considera-se que a intervenção em reabilitação pulmonar ganha grande importância, especialmente na etapa de recuperação, e deve realizar-se principalmente com o objetivo de melhorar a dispneia, a debilidade muscular grave e a fatiga, a fim de promover a independência funcional e aumentar a qualidade de vida, para que assim a ansiedade e a depressão diminuam.

8.
Rehabilitacion (Madr) ; 54(3): 191-199, 2020.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32441270

ABSTRACT

Pulmonary rehabilitation programmes aim to improve aerobic capacity and enhance quality of life in patients with chronic pulmonary disease, facilitating their participation and integration in different areas and activities of daily living, through the prescription and performance of physical exercise, as well as education on risk factors and healthy living. In multidisciplinary processes, various health professionals work together to support patients through the rehabilitation process, guiding lifestyle changes to improve their level of physical activity, nutritional factors, smoking cessation, diabetes management, medication adherence and weight loss, based on theories of behavioural change. The main objective of pulmonary rehabilitation programmes is to empower users in self-care and facilitate long-term management of chronic lung disease.


Subject(s)
Exercise Therapy , Lung Diseases/rehabilitation , Respiration Disorders/rehabilitation , Respiratory Therapy/methods , Activities of Daily Living , Ambulatory Care , Combined Modality Therapy , Contraindications, Procedure , Electric Stimulation Therapy , Exercise Therapy/methods , Hospitalization , Humans , Inpatients , Life Style , Outpatients , Patient Care Team , Patient Education as Topic , Self Care , Tai Ji
9.
Nutr Hosp ; 37(1): 6-13, 2020 Feb 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31960695

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Background: systemic inflammation and oxidative stress are important factors in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended for bronchiectasis, but there is no data about its effect on the inflammatory and REDOX status of these patients. Aims: to investigate the effect of PR in non-cystic-fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients, and to compare it with the effect of PR plus a hyperproteic oral nutritional supplement (PRS) enriched with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) on serum inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers. Materials and methods: this was an open randomized, controlled trial. Thirty individuals (65 years old or younger with a body mass index over 18.5, older than 65 years with a body mass index over 20) were recruited from September 2013 to September 2014, and randomly assigned to receive PR or PRS. Total neutrophils, and inflammatory and oxidative biomarker levels were measured at baseline, and then at 3 and 6 months. Results: in the PRS group neutrophil levels were decreased from baseline at 6 months. A significantly different fold change was found between the PR and PRS groups. In the PR group, IL-6 and adiponectin were increased by the end of the study while TNFα levels were decreased from baseline at 6 months. REDOX biomarkers remained stable throughout the study except for 8-isoprostane levels, which were increased from baseline at 6 months in both groups of patients. Conclusions: a PR program induced a pro-oxidative effect accompanied by changes in circulating inflammatory cytokine levels in NCFB patients. Our results would also suggest a possible beneficial effect of the HMB enriched supplement on neutrophil level regulation in these patients. The information provided in this study could be useful for choosing the right therapeutic approach in the management of bronchiectasis.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la inflamación sistémica y el estrés oxidativo son factores importantes en la patogénesis de la bronquiectasia. La rehabilitación pulmonar (PR) está recomendada en los sujetos con bronquiectasias, pero no hay datos sobre sus posibles efectos sobre el estado inflamatorio y REDOX de estos pacientes. Objetivos: investigar el efecto de la PR en pacientes con bronquiectasias no asociadas a fibrosis quística (NCFB) sobre los biomarcadores oxidativos e inflamatorios, y compararlo con los efectos de la PR junto con la suplementación oral de un suplemento hiperproteico (PRS) enriquecido con beta-hidroxi-beta-metilbutirato (HMB). Material y métodos: ensayo clínico abierto, aleatorizado y controlado. Treinta pacientes (de 65 años o menos con un índice de masa corporal por encima de 18,5, y mayores de 65 años con un índice de masa corporal de más de 20) se aleatorizaron para recibir PR o PRS. Los niveles circulantes de neutrófilos totales y los de biomarcadores de estado inflamatorio y oxidativo se determinaron al inicio del estudio y a los 3 y 6 meses. Resultados: los niveles de neutrófilos en el grupo de PRS se redujeron desde el inicio a los 6 meses, presentando una tasa de cambio significativamente diferente según el tratamiento. En el grupo de PR, la IL-6 y la adiponectina aumentaron al final del estudio, mientras que los niveles de TNFα disminuyeron desde el inicio a los 6 meses. Los biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo se mantuvieron estables durante todo el estudio excepto por los niveles de 8-isoprostano, que aumentaron desde el inicio a los 6 meses en ambos grupos de pacientes. Conclusión: el programa de PR indujo un efecto pro-oxidativo acompañado de cambios en los niveles de citoquinas inflamatorias circulantes en pacientes con NCFB. Nuestros resultados también sugieren un posible efecto beneficioso del suplemento nutricional sobre la regulación de los niveles de neutrófilos de estos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Bronchiectasis/rehabilitation , Dietary Supplements , Inflammation/complications , Nutritional Support , Oxidative Stress , Respiratory Therapy , Valerates/therapeutic use , Adiponectin/blood , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biomarkers , Body Mass Index , Bronchiectasis/blood , Bronchiectasis/diet therapy , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Combined Modality Therapy , Diet, Mediterranean , Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage , Dietary Supplements/adverse effects , Dinoprost/analogs & derivatives , Dinoprost/blood , Female , Humans , Inflammation/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Leukocyte Count , Male , Middle Aged , Neutrophils , Oxidation-Reduction , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Therapy/adverse effects , Respiratory Therapy/instrumentation , Respiratory Therapy/methods , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Valerates/adverse effects , Young Adult
10.
Rev. colomb. med. fis. rehabil. (En línea) ; 30(Suplemento): 130-141, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1509357

ABSTRACT

En el sistema pulmonar las enfermedades virales entrañan un desafío a la condición inmunológica; este es el caso del Coronavirus tipo 2 del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave o Sars-CoV-2 (en inglés, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). La rehabilitación pulmonar es indispensable en todos los pacientes con infección por coronavirus 2019 (COVID­19) que han sido dados de alta, especialmente aquellos con compromiso del parénquima pulmonar; sin embargo, existen barreras que ponen a este grupo en mayor riesgo. Los servicios de rehabilitación deben implementar nuevas estrategias, que integren incluso tecnologías virtuales, para satisfacer las necesidades de los pacientes con la mayor objetividad posible; se deben utilizar, entre otras, las pruebas de función pulmonar dentro de parámetros seguros. La rehabilitación pulmonar se enfrenta al reto del paciente ambulatorio bajo lascondiciones de la actual pandemia, si bien existe aún poca evidencia sobre el manejo. Considerando la necesidad de un enfoque terapéutico eficiente, este artículo de revisión expone las principales recomendaciones en rehabilitación pulmonar soportadas en evidencia reciente.


In the pulmonary system, viral diseases challenge the immune status; this is the case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 or Sars-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). Pulmonary rehabilitation is essential in all discharged patients with coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), especially those with parenchymal lung involvement; however, barriers exist that place this group at increased risk. Rehabilitation services must implement new strategies, including integrating virtual technologies, to meet patients' needs as objectively as possible; pulmonary function tests should be used, among others, within safe parameters. Pulmonary rehabilitation faces the challenge of the ambulatory patient under the conditions of the current pandemic, although there is still little evidence on management. Considering the need for an efficient therapeutic approach, this review article presents the main recommendations in pulmonary rehabilitation supported by recent evidence.


Subject(s)
Humans
11.
Rev. colomb. med. fis. rehabil. (En línea) ; 30(1): 54-66, 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1509475

ABSTRACT

Las personas con lesión medular presentan alteraciones cardiopulmonares y físicas más allá del compromiso motor secundario derivado de la lesión medular; ello genera desacondicionamiento, alteraciones de la dinámica respiratoria y del volumen sanguíneo circulante, y sedentarismo, lo cual aumenta el riesgo cardiovascular. El ejercicio es una herramienta de manejo de estas alteraciones con escasa difusión clínica. Se describe su importancia para el paciente lesionado medular, los mecanismos de evaluación funcional y la formulación del ejercicio. Los beneficios son la optimización del gasto cardiaco y el balance respiratorio muscular, así como la mejora en el desempeño de las actividades básicas cotidianas y su funcionalidad relacionada con dispositivos de marcha y movilidad. La valoración funcional tiene protocolos específicos dependientes del nivel de lesión, así como la prescripción del ejercicio. Los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca y pulmonar, así como la prescripción del ejercicio, deben ser considerados en los programas de rehabilitación y manejo del paciente con lesión medular.


Persons with spinal cord injury present cardiopulmonary and physical alterations beyond the secondary motor compromise derived from the spinal cord injury; this generates deconditioning, alterations in respiratory dynamics and circulating blood volume, and sedentary lifestyle, which increases cardiovascular risk. Exercise is a management tool for these alterations with scarce clinical diffusion. Its importance for the spinal cord injured patient, the mechanisms of functional evaluation and exercise formulation are described. The benefits are the optimization of cardiac output and muscular respiratory balance, as well as the improvement in the performance of basic daily activities and their functionality related to gait and mobility devices. Functional assessment has specific protocols depending on the level of injury, as well as exercise prescription. Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation programs, as well as exercise prescription, should be considered in the rehabilitation and management programs of the spinal cord injured patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Therapeutics
12.
Fisioter. Pesqui. (Online) ; 26(3): 275-284, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039892

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This study sought to quantify and qualitatively analyze the perception of physical therapists about facilitators and the challenges in the use of different types of tools for resistance training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This was a mixed-model study with qualitative analysis developed in a rehabilitation center. Six physical therapists who performed a randomized clinical trial were interviewed. The protocol consisted of the evaluation of three types of resistance training: elastic tubes, elastic bands, and training with conventional weight machines. After completion of the randomized trial, therapists were invited to participate in a focus group to collect qualitative data. Physical therapists also answered a quantitative questionnaire containing closed questions. The main outcome measures were the opinion of physical therapists about the advantages and disadvantages in clinical practice of each of the analyzed tools. The focus group analysis resulted in eight themes: Insecurities regarding load and handling tools, implementation of home-based treatment, improvements of tools, advantages and disadvantages of tools, incidence of injuries with elastic tools, patient's preferences, and particularities of the tools. Physical therapists pointed out different challenges and facilitators for resistance training. Characteristics of the tools such as costs, portability, handling and practicality were cited as factors that influence clinical practice. In the quantitative analysis, no differences were observed when comparing the scores of each instrument. The three tools analyzed are applicable and feasible in the clinical practice of physical therapists; moreover, they present different characteristics and particularities that should be considered, such as cost, clinical applicability, portability and perception of the patient and therapists.


RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi quantificar e analisar qualitativamente a percepção de fisioterapeutas sobre facilitadores e barreiras no uso de diferentes ferramentas para treinamento resistido em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC). O método utilizado foi desenvolvido em um centro de reabilitação. Seis fisioterapeutas que participaram como terapeutas de um ensaio clínico randomizado foram entrevistados. O protocolo consistiu na avaliação de três ferramentas para treinamento resistido: tubos elásticos, bandas elásticas e treinamento convencional com equipamentos de musculação. Depois da finalização do ensaio clínico randomizado, os fisioterapeutas foram convidados a participar de um grupo focal para análise qualitativa e responder questionário fechado para análise quantitativa. Os profissionais opinaram sobre vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma das três ferramentas na prática clínica. A análise do grupo focal resultou em oito temas: insegurança em relação à carga e manuseio das ferramentas; implementação de tratamento domiciliar; melhorias para ferramentas; vantagens e desvantagens das ferramentas; incidência de lesões com ferramentas elásticas; preferência dos pacientes; e particularidades de cada ferramenta. Fisioterapeutas apontaram diferentes barreiras e facilitadores para o treinamento resistido. Características das ferramentas - como custo, portabilidade, manuseio, praticidade e percepção do paciente e fisioterapeuta - foram citadas como fatores que influenciam a prática clínica. Na análise quantitativa, nenhuma diferença foi observada quando comparados os escores para cada instrumento. As três ferramentas são aplicáveis na prática clínica do fisioterapeuta. Adicionalmente, as características e particularidades de cada uma delas devem ser consideradas.


RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue cuantificar y analizar cualitativamente la percepción de fisioterapeutas sobre facilitadores y barreras en el uso de diferentes herramientas de entrenamiento de resistencia en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). El método utilizado fue desarrollado en un centro de rehabilitación. Seis profesionales que participaron como terapeutas en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado fueron entrevistados. El protocolo consistió en la evaluación de tres herramientas de entrenamiento de resistencia: tubos elásticos, bandas elásticas y entrenamiento convencional con equipo de entrenamiento con pesas. Después del ensayo clínico aleatorizado, se invitó a los fisioterapeutas a participar en un grupo focal para análisis cualitativo y a responder un cuestionario cerrado para análisis cuantitativo. Los profesionales opinaron sobre las ventajas y desventajas de cada una de las tres herramientas en la práctica clínica. El análisis del grupo resultó en ocho temas: falta de fiabilidad en lo referente a la carga y al manejo de las herramientas; puesta en práctica del tratamiento domiciliario; mejoras en las herramientas; ventajas y desventajas de las herramientas; incidencia de lesiones con las herramientas elásticas; preferencia de los pacientes; particularidades de cada herramienta. Los fisioterapeutas señalaron diferentes barreras y facilitadores para el entrenamiento de resistencia. Características de la herramienta - como costo, portabilidad, manejo, practicidad y percepción del paciente y del fisioterapeuta - fueron mencionadas como factores que influyen en la práctica clínica. En el análisis cuantitativo no se observaron diferencias de puntaje entre los instrumentos. Las tres herramientas son aplicables en la práctica clínica del fisioterapeuta. Además, se deben considerar las características y particularidades de cada una de ellas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Physical Therapy Modalities , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/rehabilitation , Surveys and Questionnaires , Qualitative Research , Resistance Training , Physical Therapists
13.
Arch Bronconeumol (Engl Ed) ; 54(11): 568-575, 2018 Nov.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30241689

ABSTRACT

Non-pharmacological treatment is essential in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but this treatment is sometimes not given the importance it deserves. Patients diagnosed with COPD should benefit from comprehensive care services. These services comprise a protocolized set of actions aimed at covering the health needs of the patient, taking into account their environment and circumstances. Pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the essential components of non-pharmacological treatment in comprehensive COPD care services. In the Spanish COPD Guidelines (GesEPOC) 2017, we provided a systematic report of the scientific evidence for pulmonary rehabilitation programs in acute and stable phase disease. Another important issue in the non-pharmacological treatment of COPD is physical activity, and the most essential considerations regarding prescription are described in the GesEPOC guidelines, along with a review of the most effective strategies to ensure adherence. GesEPOC 2017 aims to underline the importance of non-pharmacological treatment as a co-adjuvant to pharmacological treatment.


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated , Exercise Therapy , Humans , Models, Theoretical , Self Care
14.
Cienc. enferm ; 23(1): 25-33, abr. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890096

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar uma população de pacientes portadores de Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) acompanhados em um Programa de Reabilitação Pulmonar (PRP). Método: O estudo foi observa cional descritivo, com 83 pacientes com diagnóstico de DPOC. Todos os pacientes realizaram espirometría e exames laboratoriais bioquímicos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 47 homens (56,6%) e 36 mulheres (43,4%). A comorbidades Hipertensão Arterial (HAS) foi mais relevante em 21 (44,6%) dos homens e 14 (38,8%) das mu lheres, seguido de cardiopatias 8 homens (17 %) e 2 mulheres (5,5 %) e Diabetes Mellitus (DM), sendo esta uma comorbidade encontrada quase que exclusivamente em homens, 7 (14,8%) e apenas 1 mulher (2,7%). Conclu são: O acampamento dos parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais de forma sistemática pode auxiliar na promoção e prevenção das comorbidades associadas a doenças.


ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize a population of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients followed through a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program (PRP). Methods: the study was observational, descriptive, with 83 patients with a diagnosis of COPD. All patients underwent spirometry and biochemical laboratory tests. Results: 47 men (56.6%) and 36 women (43.4%) were included. The most relevant comorbidity was Hypertension, present 21 men (44.6%) and 14 woman (38.8%), followed by heart disease: 8 men (17%) and two women (5.5%) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a comorbidity found almost exclusively in men 7 (14.8%) and only 1 woman (2.7%). Conclusions: The systematic monitoring of the clinical and laboratory parameters can help in the promotion and prevention of comorbidities associated with diseases.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Caracterizar una población de pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) seguidos en un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar (PRP). Material y métodos: El estudio fue observacional descriptivo, con 83 pacientes diagnosticados de EPOC. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a espirometría y a pruebas de laboratorio bioquímicas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 47 hombres (56,6%) y 36 mujeres (43,4%). La hipertensión fue la comorbilidad más relevante en 21 hombres (44,6%) y 14 mujeres (38,8%), seguida de las enfermedades del corazón 8 hombres (17%) y dos mujeres (5,5%) y Diabetes mellitus (DM), que es una comor bilidad que se encuentra casi exclusivamente en hombres, 7 (14,8%), y sólo en 1 mujer (2,7%). Conclusión: El seguimiento de los parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio de manera sistemática puede ayudar en la promoción y prevención de las comorbilidades asociadas a enfermedades.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Lung Diseases/prevention & control , Brazil , Comorbidity , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications
15.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 52(6): 313-316, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27639279

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: It has been reported that sarcopenia frequently co-exists with COPD/asthma, and can significantly affect quality of life and the control of chronic diseases. The aim of this study is to describe the association between COPD/asthma and sarcopenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data was used from the SABE-Bogotá study, which included 2,000 older adults aged 60 years or more. It is a cross-probabilistic cluster sample with 81.9% coverage. The dependent variable was COPD/asthma. An analysis was performed to determine the association with sarcopenia and the other variables using univariate and bivariate analysis and logistic regression adjusted to confusion variables. RESULTS: The self-reported prevalence of COPD/asthma in the total sample was 16.7%, and Sarcopenia was estimated as 6,96%, but in COPD/asthma patients it was 11.2% (P=.004). In the multivariate analysis an association was found between COPD/asthma and sarcopenia (2.01, 95% CI: 1,21-3,35). CONCLUSIONS: Screening of sarcopenia in older adults with COPD/asthma, as well as interventions such as nutrition and exercise, are important, and ideally in the context of pulmonary rehabilitation programs, due the significant independent association that was found between COPD/asthma and sarcopenia.


Subject(s)
Asthma/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Sarcopenia/complications , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Colombia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence
16.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 10(1): 10-14, ene. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-773866

ABSTRACT

The initial stages of clinical research were described in an integrated manner in the first part of this review (1). The integrated approach of these stages creates the background for the design of eligibility criteria, measurement protocols and statistical analysis consistent with the general course of the research process which culminates with the drafting of the results and conclusions. The general concepts related to inclusion and exclusion criteria, sampling strategies and estimation of sample size, the characteristics of the measurement process and the steps that provide a suitable statistical analysis plan, are described in this second part. This review is expected to enhance research methodology knowledge, so as to encourage the implementation of studies with higher quality standards that would raise the scientific development of this valuable area.


En la primera parte de esta revisión (1) se describieron de manera integrada las etapas iniciales del proceso de investigación clínica. El abordaje acabado de estas etapas genera las bases para el desarrollo de criterios de elegibilidad, protocolos de medición y un plan de análisis estadístico coherente al curso general del proceso que culmina con la redacción de los resultados y conclusiones. En esta segunda parte se describen los conceptos generales relacionados con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, estrategias de muestreo y estimación de tamaño muestral, características del proceso de medición y finalmente las etapas que contempla el plan de análisis estadístico. Se espera que este material contribuya al conocimiento en el área de la metodología de la investigación, con el propósito de incentivar la ejecución de estudios con estándares de calidad cada vez más altos, que permitan elevar el desarrollo científico de esta valiosa área disciplinar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Research , Respiratory Tract Diseases/rehabilitation
17.
Neumol. pediátr. (En línea) ; 9(2): 61-64, jul. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-773830

ABSTRACT

In recent years there has been a significant increase in the number of scientific articles published in the rehabilitation field, which has allowed the development of the discipline based on the paradigms of evidence-based medicine. In this sense, to avoid the distortion of the results, caused by systematic or random error, it is crucial to know the methodological elements of the research process because these factors critically affect the validity of the results obtained during clinical research. The present review deals with the initial stages of the research process in an integrated manner. These latter are: the statement of the problem; objectives, hypotheses and study design. The purpose of the review is to provide guidance for the design of future studies in the area of pulmonary rehabilitation.


En los últimos años se ha observado un incremento significativo en la cantidad de artículos científicos publicados en el campo de la rehabilitación, lo que ha permitido el desarrollo de la disciplina con un enfoque basado en los paradigmas de la medicina basada en evidencia. En este sentido, conocer los elementos metodológicos que componen el proceso de investigación es fundamental para que los resultados no sufran distorsiones producidas por error sistemático o azar, factores que afectan de manera crítica la validez de los resultados obtenidos durante la investigación clínica. En la presente revisión se aborda de manera integrada las fases iniciales del proceso de investigación, que son: el planteamiento del problema; objetivos, hipótesis y diseño de estudio. El propósito es aportar una guía para el diseño de futuros estudios en el área de la rehabilitación pulmonar.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , Respiratory Tract Diseases/rehabilitation
18.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 29(4): 196-203, dic. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-704545

ABSTRACT

Background: The pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has acquired an important role in neuromuscular patient treatment. The aim was to investigate the effects of PR program on 6-minute walking test variables (6MWT) and respiratory muscle function (RMF) in patients with neuromuscular disease. Patients and Methods: In the study were included 13 patients, age 12.5 +/- 2.8 years old. Seven of them were able to walk (2 Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD), 1 Becker Muscular Dystrophy, 1 Congenital Myopathy, 1 Bethlem Syndrome, 2 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy); and 6 were unable to walk (4 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, 1 Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) type III and 1 SMAII). The results of RMF and 6MWT before and after 13 weeks of respiratory muscle training (RMT) (40-50 percent Pimax and 60-70 percent Pemax) and aerobic training (AT) (50 percent heart rate reserve) were analyzed. Wilcoxon test with 95 percent confidence interval was used to assess statistical significance. Results: Significant changes (p < 0.05) were observed in the averages of dyspnea score that decreased in 1.8 points (from 4.4 to 2.6; -40.9 percent) and in sustained inspiratory pressure (Pims) that increased in 14.3 cm H2O (from 16 to 30.3; +89.4 percent). Other variables that assessed aerobic capacity (6 MWT, heart rate and leg fatigue) and RMF (Pimax and Pemax) showed a trend towards improvement, but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: In patients with neuromuscular diseases significant changes in dyspnea after cardiopulmonary training protocol were observed. Moreover, the moderate intensity respiratory muscle training was well tolerated and an effective method to generate significant increases in Pims, constituting an alternative to previously established protocols.


Introducción: La rehabilitación respiratoria (RR) ha adquirido un papel importante en el manejo del paciente con enfermedad neuromuscular. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos de un programa de rehabilitación respiratoria (RR) sobre variables del test de caminata de 6 min (C6M) y función muscular respiratoria (FMR) en pacientes con patología neuromuscular. Pacientes y Métodos: En el estudio se incluyeron 13 pacientes, edad: 12,5 +/- 2,8 años, de los cuales 7 son ambulantes (2 distrofia muscular (DM) fascio-escápulo-humeral, 1 DM de Becker, 1 miopatía congénita, 1 síndrome de Bethlem, 2 DM de Duchenne); y 6 no son ambulantes (4 DM de Duchenne, 1 atrofia espinal (AT) tipo 3 y 1AT 2). Se analizaron los registros de FMR y C6M al inicio y posterior a 13 semanas de entrenamiento muscular respiratorio (40-50 por ciento Pimax y 60-70 por ciento Pemax) y cardiopulmonar (50 por ciento de FCR). Se utilizó el test no paramétrico de Wilcoxon con un intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento. Resultados: Se observaron cambios significativos (p < 0,05) en el puntaje de disnea que disminuyó 1,8 puntos (de 4,4 a 2,6; -40,9 por ciento) y en la presión inspiratoria máxima sostenida (Pims) que aumentó 14,3 cm de H2O (de 16 a 30,3 cm H(2)0; +89,4 por ciento). Las otras variables que evaluaron capacidad aeróbica (C6M, frecuencia cardíaca y fatiga de las piernas) y función de los músculos respiratorios (Pimax y Pemax) mostraron una tendencia a la mejoría, sin embargo, no alcanzaron significación estadística. Conclusiones: En pacientes con enfermedades neuromusculares se observan cambios significativos en la disnea posterior a un protocolo de entrenamiento cardiopulmonar. Por otra parte, el entrenamiento muscular respiratorio de moderada intensidad fue un método bien tolerado y efectivo para generar incrementos significativos en la Pims, constituyendo una alternativa a los protocolos previamente establecidos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Child , Breathing Exercises , Neuromuscular Diseases/rehabilitation , Breath Tests , Exercise Tolerance , Neuromuscular Diseases/physiopathology , Forced Expiratory Volume , Gait , Respiratory Insufficiency/rehabilitation , Prospective Studies , Vital Capacity
19.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 10(2): 253-264, mayo-ago. 2012. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-663749

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Presentar la eficacia de los programas de rehabilitación pulmonar en el tratamiento de un paciente asmático. Caso: joven de 17 años con diagnóstico de asma severa, sintomática desde los 8 años de edad, de raza blanca, estudiante de décimo grado de bachillerato. Remitida al programa de rehabilitación pulmonar luego de tres hospitalizaciones por crisis asmática en el último año, disnea en actividades de la vida diaria e intolerancia al ejercicio. En la valoración inicial se encontró una paciente con asma no controlada, recibiendo medicamentos de acción corta; admitió que no estaba obedeciendo al uso regular y a la dosis del tratamiento farmacológico y que desconocía la importancia de este compromiso para su óptima evolución. Manifestó preocupación por el deterioro respiratorio y funcional progresivo que había tenido en el último año y la presencia de ansiedad y temor al no poder respirar e interactuar en actividades propias de su edad. Un mes después de recibir broncodilatadores y esteroides de larga acción de modo permanente y de acatar las recomendaciones del uso regular y técnica adecuada, la paciente fue incluida en un programa de rehabilitación pulmonar con una frecuencia de tres veces por semana, durante ocho semanas para entrenamiento de fuerza-resistencia de miembros superiores e inferiores y educación. Obtuvo cambios funcionales significativos y mayor participación social.


Objective: to present the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation programs in the treatment of a patient with asthma. Case: this is the case of a young Caucasian girl -17 years old- with severe asthma diagnosis, with symptoms since she was eight years old, 10th grade student. She was referred to the program of Pulmonary Rehabilitation after three hospitalizations during the last year due to asthmatic crises, dyspnoea in activities of daily living, and intolerance to physical exercise. In the initial evaluation, a patient with non-controlled asthma was found; she was receiving short-acting medication admitting that she was not complying with regular use and with a prescribed dose of the pharmacological treatment and that she ignored the importance of this commitment for optimal evolution. The patient expressed concern about the progressive deterioration at her respiratory and functional level during the last year and her fear and anxiety for not being able to breathe during activities befitting her age. One month after receiving bronchodilators and long-acting steroids permanently and complying with recommendations about regular use and adequate inhalatory technique, the patient was included in a three-times-a-week program of pulmonary rehabilitation during eight weeks for upper and lower extremity endurance and resistance training. This intervention showed significant changes in the patient at functional level and a greater social participation.


Objetivo: apresentar a eficácia dos programas de reabilitação pulmonar no tratamento de um paciente com asma. Caso: isto é caso de uma jovem de 17 anos, com diagnóstico de asma grave, sintomática de 8 anos, estudante do segundo ano, o branco na escola. Apresentada no programa de reabilitação pulmonar após três internações por asma no ano passado, dispnéia em atividades de vida diária e intolerância ao exercício. Na avaliação inicial encontramos um paciente com asma não controlada, recebendo curto drogas de ação; admitiendió não estava obedecendo o uso regular e dose de tratamento medicamentoso e não sabia a importância deste compromisso para o desenvolvimento ideal. Manifestou preocupação com o comprometimento funcional respiratória progressiva e que ele tinha no ano passado e a presença de ansiedade e medo de não ser capaz de respirar e interagir em atividades etários adequados. Um mês depois de receber broncodilatadores e corticóides de longa ação permanente e respeitar as recomendações de uso regular e técnica adequada, o paciente foi incluído em um programa de reabilitação pulmonar com uma freqüência de três vezes por semana, por oito semanas de resistência treinamento de força para membros superiores e inferiores e educação. Obtido significativas benefícios funcionais e participação social.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Asthma , Quality of Life , Exercise , Health Education , Dyspnea
20.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 8(1): 41-53, abr. 2010. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-635971

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: existen muchos estudios que reportan los beneficios de la rehabilitación pulmonar, pero son pocos los que presentan el comportamiento y las actividades de estos servicios. Este artículo presenta las características de los servicios, los componentes de manejo y el nivel de entrenamiento de los integrantes del equipo de trabajo, además de las variables o instrumentos utilizados para medir la efectividad e impacto en estos programas. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal cuya muestra por conveniencia incluyó siete servicios de rehabilitación pulmonar en cuatro ciudades de Colombia (Bogota, Medellín, Manizales y Cali), seleccionados por la cobertura, por contar con mínimo un año de experiencia, por estar formalmente establecido y por ser reconocido a nivel nacional. El equipo interdisciplinario de cada servicio contestó una encuesta validada a través de una prueba piloto y consenso de expertos. La participación fue voluntaria. Resultados: el inicio laboral de los servicios de rehabilitación pulmonar corresponde en promedio a una década, siendo la EPOC y el asma las patologías de mayor atención. Los programas se caracterizan por su carácter ambulatorio con una duración promedio entre ocho y doce semanas, frecuencia de una hora y tres veces por semana, El director del servicio es regularmente un neumólogo y el coordinador un fisioterapeuta (57,14%); sobresale la formación posgradual de estos profesionales, quienes refieren tener habilidades procedimentales, administrativas y comunicativas, pero califican de regular las habilidades investigativas. El recurso físico y tecnológico es bien evaluado. El 71,42% ha realizado estudios de impacto, pero solo el 28,57% los ha publicado. Todos tienen en común el entrenamiento en miembros superiores, miembros inferiores, musculatura respiratoria, apoyo psicológico, evaluación funcional y calidad de vida. Conclusiones: La efectividad e impacto de los programas es medida con el test de caminata, cuestionarios de calidad de vida y actividades de la vida diaria.


Purpose: there are many studies reporting the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation, but few of them exhibit the behavior and activities of these services. This article presents the characteristics of services, parts management and training level of team members, in addition to the variables or instruments used to measure the effectiveness and impact in these programs. Method: it was made a cross sectional convenience sample which included seven pulmonary rehabilitation services in four Colombian cities (Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Cali), selected by the coverage, for having at least one year of experience and for being formally established and recognized nationwide. The interdisciplinary team of each service answered a survey that was validated through a pilot test and expert consensus. Participation was voluntary. Results: labor onset pulmonary rehabilitation services correspond to an average of a decade, with COPD and asthma pathologies of attention. The programs are characterized by an outpatient treatment with an average duration of eight to twelve weeks, with a frequency of an hour three times a week. Also, the director of the service is regularly a pulmonologist and the coordinator a physiotherapist (57.14%). The posgradual training of these professionals is notable, and they report to have procedural, administrative and communicative skills, but qualify regular there research skills. The physical and technological resources are well tested. 71.42% have done impact studies, but only 28.57% have been published. All have in common training in upper limbs, lower limbs, respiratory muscles, counseling, functional assessment and quality of life. The effectiveness and impact of programs is measured by the walking test, quality of life questionnaires and activities of daily living.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Quality of Life , Effectiveness , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Colombia , Rehabilitation Services
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